Bhagavad Gita 11.51 — Commentary
20 Scholarly Commentaries · Advaita · Vishishtadvaita · Dvaita · Bhakti
Shankaracharya · Ramanuja · Madhvacharya · Chinmayananda · Sivananda · and more
अर्जुन उवाच दृष्ट्वेदं मानुषं रूपं तवसौम्यं जनार्दन। इदानीमस्मि संवृत्तः सचेताः प्रकृतिं गतः
arjuna uvācha dṛiṣhṭvedaṁ mānuṣhaṁ rūpaṁ tava saumyaṁ janārdana idānīm asmi saṁvṛittaḥ sa-chetāḥ prakṛitiṁ gataḥ
"Having seen this Thy gentle human form, O Krishna, now I am composed and have been restored to my own nature."
Scholar Commentaries (20)
Compare how different schools of Vedantic philosophy interpret this verse.
Sri Shankaracharya
8th century CE · Advaita Vedanta
The greatest Advaita philosopher, authored the definitive Sanskrit commentary (Bhasya) on the Gita.
,दृष्ट्वा इदं मानुषं रूपं मत्सखं प्रसन्नं तव सौम्यं जनार्दन? इदानीम्? अधुना अस्मि संवृत्तः संजातः। किम् सचेताः प्रसन्नचित्तः प्रकृतिं स्वभावं गतश्च अस्मि।।श्रीभगवानुवाच --,
Sri Ramanuja
11th–12th century CE · Vishishtadvaita
Founder of Vishishtadvaita, emphasized Bhakti and the personal nature of Brahman.
अर्जुन उवाच -- अनवधिकातिशयसौन्दर्यसौकुमार्यलावण्यादियुक्तं तव एव असाधारणं मनुष्यत्वसंस्थानसंस्थितम् अतिसौम्यम् इदं तव रूपं दृष्ट्वा सचेताः संवृत्तः अस्मि? प्रकृतिं गतः च।
Sri Madhavacharya
13th century CE · Dvaita Vedanta
Proponent of Dvaita philosophy emphasizing the eternal distinction between soul and God.
Sri Madhvacharya did not comment on this sloka.,
Swami Chinmayananda
20th century CE · Neo-Vedanta
Modern Vedantic teacher whose commentary bridges ancient wisdom with contemporary life.
देशकालातीत वस्तु को ग्रहण तथा अनुभव करने के लिए आवश्यक पूर्व तैयारी के अभाव के कारण अकस्मात् समष्टि के इतने विशाल विराट् रूप को देखकर स्वाभाविक है कि अर्जुन भय और मोह से ग्रस्त हो गया था। परन्तु यहाँ वह स्वीकार करता है कि भगवान् के शान्त? सौम्य मनुष्य रूप को देखकर वह शान्तचित्त होकर अपने स्वभाव को प्राप्त हो गया है।अब भगवान् स्वयं ही ईश्वर की भक्ति का वर्णन अगले श्लोक में करते हैं।
Swami Sivananda
20th century CE · Integral Yoga
Divine Life Society founder who synthesised Jnana, Bhakti, Karma, and Raja Yoga.
11.51 दृष्ट्वा having seen? इदम् this? मानुषम् human? रूपम् form? तव Thy? सौम्यम् gentle? जनार्दन O Krishna? इदानीम् now? अस्मि (I) am? संवृत्तः composed? सचेताः with mind? प्रकृतिम् to nature? गतः restored.Commentary Arjuna says to Lord Krishna O Lord? I now behold Thy human form. Now my thoughts are collected and I am serene. I can speak. My senses perform their proper functions. My fear has vanished. Thou hast treated me as a mother would treat her erring child whom she embraces and nurses. Just as the calf rejoices when it beholds its mother who was missing for some days? so also I rejoice now when I behold Thy gentle form. I have drunk the nectar. Now I am alive.
Swami Ramsukhdas
20th century CE · Gita Press Gorakhpur
Prolific author and commentator whose Hindi commentaries are among the most widely read in India.
व्याख्या--'दृष्ट्वेदं मानुषं रूपं तव सौम्यं जनार्दन'--आपके मनुष्यरूपमें प्रकट होकर लीला करनेवाले रूपको देखकर गायें, पशु-पक्षी, वृक्ष, लताएँ आदि भी पुलकित हो जाती हैं , ऐसे सौम्य द्विभुजरूपको देखकर मैं होशमें आ गया हूँ, मेरा चित्त स्थिर हो गया है--'इदानीमस्मि संवृत्तः' 'सचेताः', विराट्रूपको देखकर जो मैं भयभीत हो गया था, वह सब भय अब मिट गया है, सब व्यथा चली गयी है और मैं अपनी वास्तविक स्थितिको प्राप्त हो गया हूँ -- 'प्रकृतिं गतः।' यहाँ सचेताः कहनेका तात्पर्य है कि जब अर्जुनकी दृष्टि भगवान्की कृपाकी तरफ गयी, तब अर्जुनको होश आया और वे सोचने लगे कि कहाँ तो मैं और कहाँ भगवान्का विस्मयकारक विलक्षण विराट्रूप ! इसमें मेरी कोई योग्यता, अधिकारिता नहीं है। इसमें तो केवल भगवान्की कृपा-ही-कृपा है। सम्बन्ध--अर्जुनकी कृतज्ञताका अनुमोदन करते हुए भगवान् कहते हैं --
Sri Harikrishnadas Goenka
19th–20th century CE · Gita Press
Co-founder of Gita Press Gorakhpur whose translations shaped how millions of Hindus read scripture.
अर्जुन बोला -- हे जनार्दन अब मैं अपने मित्रकी आकृतिमें आपके इस प्रसन्नमुख सौम्य मानुषरूपको देखकर सचेता यानी प्रसन्नचित्त हुआ हूँ और अपनी प्रकृतिको -- वास्तविक स्थितिको प्राप्त हुआ हूँ।,
Sri Anandgiri
13th century CE · Advaita
Pupil of Adi Shankaracharya's lineage who wrote important sub-commentaries (Tikas).
एवं भगवदाश्वासितः सन्नर्जुनस्तं प्रत्युक्तवानित्याह -- अर्जुन इति।
Sri Dhanpati
14th century CE · Vedanta
Disciple of Vidyaranya who authored important sub-commentaries on Vedantic texts.
स्वभिलषितं रुपं दृष्ट्वार्जुन उवाच। दृष्ट्वेदं प्रत्यक्षं मानुषं नराकारं मत्सखं सौभ्यं प्रसन्नं तव रुपं इदानीं सचेताः प्रसन्नमनाः प्रकृतिं स्वभावं गतः प्राप्तः संवृत्तः संजातोऽस्मि। जनार्दनेति संबोधयन् जनानसुरानर्दयति पीडयतीति जनार्दनस्तद्दर्शनजन्यं भियमिदानीं सौम्यरुपदर्शनेन निवृत्तामिति सूचयति।
Sri Neelkanth
17th century CE · Advaita
Wrote "Bhārata Bhāvadīpa", a verse-by-verse commentary on the Mahabharata including the Gita.
ततो निर्भयः सन्नर्जुन उवाच -- दृष्ट्वेति। सचेता अव्याकुलः। प्रकृतिं गतः स्वास्थ्यं प्राप्तः। संवृत्तो जातोऽस्मि।
Sri Sridhara Swami
14th century CE · Advaita
Authored "Subodhinī", widely praised for its clarity and depth across all Vedantic schools.
ततो निर्भयः सन्नर्जुन उवाच -- दृष्ट्वेति। सचेताः प्रसन्नचित्त इदानीं संवृत्तः जातोऽस्मि। प्रकृतिं स्वास्थ्यं च प्राप्तोऽस्मि। शेषं स्पष्टम्।
Sri Vedantadeshikacharya Venkatanatha
13th–14th century CE · Vishishtadvaita
Prolific philosopher-poet of Sri Vaishnavism who composed the "Tatparya Chandrika" on the Gita.
मानुषं रूपम् इत्यस्य कर्मजन्यप्राकृतरूपपरत्वभ्रमव्युदासायेदंशब्दाभिप्रेतं वदंस्तद्व्याचष्टेअनवधिकातिशयसौन्दर्येत्यादिना।
Sri Jayatritha
14th century CE · Dvaita Vedanta
A pre-eminent Dvaita scholar who wrote decisive commentaries defending Madhvacharya's views.
Sri Jayatirtha did not comment on this sloka.
Sri Madhusudan Saraswati
16th century CE · Advaita
Wrote "Gudhartha Dipika", a celebrated commentary reconciling Advaita and Bhakti.
ततो निर्भयः सन् अर्जुन उवाच -- दृष्ट्वेति। इदानीं सचेताः भयकृतव्यामोहाभावेनाव्याकुलचित्तः संवृत्तोऽस्मि। तथा प्रकृतिं भयकृतव्यथाराहित्येन स्वास्थ्यं गतोस्मि स्पष्टमन्यत्।
Sri Purushottamji
16th century CE · Vallabha Sampradaya
Son of Sri Vallabhacharya, who continued the Pushti Marg tradition of Gita exposition.
दर्शितस्वरूपं दृष्ट्वाऽर्जुनो विज्ञापयति -- दृष्ट्वेति। हे जनार्दन अविद्यानाशक इदं पुरतो दृश्यमानं मानुषं मनुष्यैर्द्रष्टुं योग्यं सौम्यं दयापरीतं दयायुक्तं तव रूपं दृष्ट्वा इदानीमधुना सचेताः सावधानचित्तः संवृत्तः जातोऽस्मि। प्रकृतिं भक्तिरूपां गतः प्राप्तोऽस्मि (च)।
Sri Vallabhacharya
15th–16th century CE · Shuddhadvaita
Founded the Pushti Marg devotional tradition, focused on Krishna as the Supreme Being.
ततो यथावदवस्थितः सन् अर्जुन उवाच -- दृष्ट्वेदमिति। निरवधिकातिशयसौन्दर्यसौकुमार्यलावण्यसौशील्यादियुक्तं सदानन्दमात्रकरपादमुखोदरादिरूपं सौम्यं मानुषं मनुष्यत्वसंस्थानस्थितं दृष्ट्वा सचेताः जातोऽस्मि। तदा तु विचेताः अमनाः अपाणिपादं तदमूर्त्तमव्ययम् इति वाक्यात्। इदानीं तु प्रकृतिं स्वभावं प्राप्तोऽस्मि।
Swami Gambirananda
20th century CE · Ramakrishna Mission
Translated the Sanskrit commentaries of Shankara into precise English for modern readers.
11.51 O Janardana, drstva, having seen; idam, this; saumyam, serene; manusam, human; rupam, form; tava, of Yours-gracious, as of my friend; asmi, I have; idanim, now; samvrttah, become;-what?-sacetah, calm in mind; and gatah, restored; prakrtim, to my own nature.
Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
20th century CE · Academic / Shaiva
Scholar-practitioner who authored commentaries uniting rigorous Indology with spiritual practice.
11.51 Drstva etc. At the end of the act of withdrawing all, the Brahman assumes the highly tranil stage of the tattva. Hence at the stage of withdrawl, gentleness is in the Bhagavat.
Swami Adidevananda
20th century CE · Ramakrishna Mission
Ramakrishna Mission monk who translated the Gita Bhasya of Ramanuja into English.
11.51 Arjuna said Having beheld this pleasing and unie form of Yours, human in configuration, endowed with grace, tenderness, beauty etc., the excellence of which is infinite, I have now become composed, and I am restored to my normal nature.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Shankaracharya's commentary on BG 11.51?
,दृष्ट्वा इदं मानुषं रूपं मत्सखं प्रसन्नं तव सौम्यं जनार्दन? इदानीम्? अधुना अस्मि संवृत्तः संजातः। किम् सचेताः प्रसन्नचित्तः प्रकृतिं स्वभावं गतश्च अस्मि।।श्रीभगवानुवाच --,
How many scholars have commented on this verse?
VaniSagar presents 20 authoritative commentaries on Bhagavad Gita 11.51, representing Advaita, Vishishtadvaita, Dvaita, Shuddhadvaita, Kashmir Shaivism, and modern Neo-Vedantic traditions.
Which commentary is best for a beginner?
For beginners, Swami Chinmayananda's and Swami Sivananda's commentaries are most accessible, written in clear modern English. For serious scholarly study, Sri Shankaracharya's commentary is the gold standard.